Ag. Stef. ATM is well known for running out of euros, very quickly. Have you bought your cheque book and bank card with you as, I think, local agents will turn one of those into euros for you.
Failing that and depending where you are staying, see if the apt/Hotel owner will run you to Sidari or the ATM in Avliotes and try your card there.
I don't know, perhaps others will, but can you get an account balance on the ATM's here?? If so, and you find a working ATM, and you can get a balance, that might tell you if any cash was "lost" on the Arillas ATM.
Very difficult - Good luck
Negg